{"id":559,"date":"2024-09-13T00:58:52","date_gmt":"2024-09-12T16:58:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/?p=559"},"modified":"2024-09-13T00:58:54","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T16:58:54","slug":"network-fundamentals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/2024\/09\/13\/network-fundamentals\/","title":{"rendered":"Network Fundamentals"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&#8212; \u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u6982\u8bba\u300b 4.1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"network-classifications\">Network Classifications<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"panlanmanwan\">PAN\/LAN\/MAN\/WAN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Personal Area Network  \u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5982\u5934\u663e\/\u84dd\u7259\u8033\u673a\nLocal Area Network  \u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5982\u529e\u516c\u5927\u697c\u7684\u5185\u7f51\nMetropolitan Area Network  \u5305\u542b\u66f4\u5927\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5982\u793e\u533a\u7f51\u7edc\nWide Area Network  \u5305\u542b\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"opencloseproprietary\">Open\/Close\/Proprietary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f00\u653e\u7f51\u7edc  \u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5f00\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5982\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\n\u5c01\u95ed\u7f51\u7edc  \u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u9650\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u9ad8\n\u4e13\u6709\u7f51\u7edc  \u6709\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u53d7\u5355\u4e00\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"topology-of-network\">Topology of Network<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bus\">Bus<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u603b\u7ebf\u62d3\u6251\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u6839\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u76d1\u542c\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u63a5\u53d7\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\n\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u78b0\u649e\uff08collision)\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u6545\u969c\u70b9\u96c6\u4e2d\u7b49\u6545\u969c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"star\">Star<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u661f\u5f62\u62d3\u6251\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u592e\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u6216\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8282\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ap\">AP<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Access Point \u65e0\u7ebf\u5e7f\u64ad+\u4e2d\u592e\u673a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"protocols\">Protocols<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u6839\u636e\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u89c4\u8303\u3002\n\u65e9\u671f\u7684bus\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 CSMA\/CD \u534f\u8bae\u6765\u89c4\u8303\u603b\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6536\u53d1\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u4fe1\u9053\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u7acb\u5373\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8estar\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42AP\u540e\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9690\u85cf\u7ec8\u7aef\u95ee\u9898\uff08Hidden Terminal Problem\uff09\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f97\u77e5\u8be5\u4fe1\u9053\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"combining-network\">Combining Network<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6269\u5c55\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"repeater\">Repeater<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u7ee7\u5668\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2abus\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u5b8c\u5168\u8f6c\u53d1\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bridge\">Bridge<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6865\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2abus\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u624d\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6865\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"switch\">Switch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u80fd\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u4e2abus\uff0c\u5e76\u8d77\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6865\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff1a\n<strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5927\u7ec4\u7f51<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"internet--router\">Internet &amp; Router<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u201c\u7c7b\u578b\u201d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\n\u6bd4\u5982WiFi\u7f51\u8def\u4e0eEthernet\u7f51\u7edc\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u8fde\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u8303\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\n<strong>Internet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u6765\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u5c31\u662f\u8def\u7531\u5668 <strong>Router<\/strong>\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9e\u73b0\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u901a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8f6c\u53d1\u8868\uff08Forwarding Table\uff09\u6765\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"gateway\">Gateway<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5185\u7f51\u800c\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u5185\u7f51\u548c\u5916\u7f51\u7684\u5173\u53e3\uff08\u7aef\u70b9\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u6210\u4e3a\u7f51\u5173\u3002\n\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b AP+\u8def\u7531 \u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u89c6\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"methods-of-process-communication\">Methods of Process Communication<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u5171\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6a21\u578b\/\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cs-model\">C\/S model<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Client\/Server<\/strong> \u67b6\u6784\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89c6\u4f5c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u89c6\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u3002\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"p2p-model\">P2P model<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Peer-to-Peer<\/strong> \u6a21\u578b\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\/\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\/\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e \u5b9e\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1\/\u7f51\u7edc\u6e38\u620f\/\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\n\u591a\u4e2a\u5bf9\u7b49\u8282\u70b9\uff08peer\uff09\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7fa4\uff08swarm\uff09\uff0c\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u4f7f\u5f97\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u6bd4C\/S\u67b6\u6784\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"distributed-system\">Distributed System<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cluster-computing\">Cluster Computing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u96c6\u7fa4\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u5904\u7406\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5b8c\u6210\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u4fbf\u5229\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u9760\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e3a\u5f88\u591a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"grid-computing\">Grid Computing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7f51\u683c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\/\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u5408\u4f5c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cloud-computing\">Cloud Computing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u7531\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u673a\u623f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e91\u4e0a\u8ba1\u7b97\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u5173\u5fc3\u673a\u623f\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e5f\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8212; \u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u6982\u8bba\u300b 4.1 Network Classifications PAN\/LAN\/M [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-34"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/559","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=559"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/559\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":560,"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/559\/revisions\/560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=559"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=559"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forelink.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=559"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}